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462 lines
14 KiB
HTML
462 lines
14 KiB
HTML
<body text="#000000" link="#0000ff" bgcolor="#ffffff"><center><table width="80%">
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<tr><td><h1>picocom</h1>
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<h2>minimal dumb-terminal emulation program</h2>
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<h2>Synopsis</h2>
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<b>
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picocom [ <em>options</em> ] <em>device</em><br>
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</b>
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<h2>Description</h2>
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<p>
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As its name suggests, picocom is a minimal
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dumb-terminal emulation program. It is, in principle, very much
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like <b>minicom (1)</b>, only it's "pico"
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instead of "mini"! It was designed to serve as a simple, manual,
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modem configuration, testing, and debugging tool. It has also
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served (quite well) as a low-tech "terminal-window" to allow
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operator intervention in PPP connection scripts (something like
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the ms-windows "open terminal window before / after dialing"
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feature). It could also prove useful in many other similar
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tasks.
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</p>
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<p>
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When picocom starts it opens the terminal (serial
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device) given as its non-option argument. Unless the
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<em>--noinit</em> option is given, it configures the device to
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the settings specified by the option-arguments (or to some
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default settings), and sets it to "raw" mode. If
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<em>--noinit</em> is given, the initialization and
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configuration is skipped; the device is just opened. Following
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this, picocom sets the standard-input and
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standard-output to raw mode. Having done so, it goes in a loop
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where it listens for input from stdin, or from the serial
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port. Input from the serial port is copied to the standard
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output while input from the standard input is copied to the
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serial port. picocom also scans its input stream for
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a user-specified control character, called the "escape
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character" (being by default "C-a"). If the escape character is
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seen, then instead of sending it to the serial-device, the
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program enters "command mode" and waits for the next character
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(which is called the "function character"). Depending on the
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value of the function character, picocom performs one
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of the operations described in the "Commands" section below.
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</p>
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<h2>COMMANDS</h2>
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<p>
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Commands are given to picocom by first keying the "espace
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character" which by default is "C-a" (see "Options" below on how
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to change it), and then keying one for the function (command)
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characters shown here.
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</p>
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<p>
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[escape character]: Send the escape character to the serial port
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and return to "transparent" mode. This means that if the escape
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character ("C-a", by default) is typed twice, the program sends
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the escape character to the serial port, and remains in
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transparent mode. This is a new behavior implemented in
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v1.4. Previously picocom used to ignore the escape-character
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when it was entered as a function character.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-x]: Exit the program: if the <em>--noreset</em> option was
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not given then the serial port is reset to its original settings
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before exiting; if it was given the serial port is not reset.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-q]: Quit the program *without* reseting the serial port,
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regardless of the <em>--noreset</em> option.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-p]: Pulse the DTR line. Lower it for 1 sec, and then raise it
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again.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-t]: Toggle the DTR line. If DTR is up, then lower it. If it
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is down, then raise it.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-backslash]: Generate a break sequence on the serial line. A
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break sequence is usually generated by marking (driving to
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logical one) the serial Tx line for an amount of time
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coresponding to several character durations.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-u]: Baud up. Increase the baud-rate. The list of baud-rates
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stepped-through by this command is: 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800,
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9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-d]: Baud down. Decrease the baud-rate. The list of baud-rates
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stepped-through by this command is the same as for the "baud-up"
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command.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-f]: Cycle through flow-control settings (RTS/CTS, XON/XOFF,
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none).
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-y]: Cycle through parity settings (even, odd, none).
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-b]: Cycle through databits-number settings (5, 6, 7, 8).
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-c]: Toggle local-echo mode.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-v]: Show program options (like baud rate, data bits,
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etc). Only the options that can be modified online (through
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commands) are shown, not those that can only be set at the
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command-line.
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-s]: Send (upload) a file (see "Sending and Receiving Files"
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below)
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</p>
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<p>
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[C-r]: Receive (download) a file (see "Sending and Receiving
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Files" below)
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</p>
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<p>
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After performing one of the above operations the program leaves
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the command mode and enters transparent mode. Example: To
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increase the baud-rate by two steps, you have to type:
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</p>
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<p>
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C-a, C-u, C-a, C-u
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</p>
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<p>
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assuming of-course that "C-a" is the escape character.
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</p>
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<h2>SENDING AND RECEIVING FILES</h2>
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<p>
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picocom can send and receive files over the serial port
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using external programs that implement the respective
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protocols. In Linux typical programs for this purpose are:
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</p>
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<p><b>rx (1)</b>
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- receive using the X-MODEM protocol</p>
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<p><b>rb (1)</b>
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- receive using the Y-MODEM protocol</p>
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<p><b>rz (1)</b>
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- receive using the Z-MODEM protocol</p>
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<p><b>sx (1)</b>
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- send using the X-MODEM protocol</p>
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<p><b>sb (1)</b>
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- send using the Y-MODEM protocol</p>
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<p><b>sz (1)</b>
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- send using the Z-MODEM protocol</p>
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<p><b>ascii-xfr (1)</b>
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- receive or transmit ASCII files</p>
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<p>
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The name of, and the command-line options to, the program to be
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used for transmitting files are given by the
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<em>--send-cmd</em> option. Similarly the program to receive
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files, and its argumets, are given by the
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<em>--receive-cmd</em> option. For example, in order to start
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a picocom session that uses "sz" to transmit files, and
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"rz" to receive, you have to say something like this:
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</p>
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<p>
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picocom --send-cmd "sz -vv" --receive-cmd "rz -vv"
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</p>
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<p>
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During the picocom session, if you key the "send" or "receive"
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commands (e.g. by pressing C-a, C-s, or C-a, C-r) you will be
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prompted for a filename. At this prompt you can enter one or
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more file-names, and any additional arguments to the
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transmission or reception program. Command-line editing and
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pathname completion are available at this prompt, if you have
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compiled picocom with support for the linenoise
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library. Pressing 'C-c' at this prompt will cancel the file
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transfer command and return to normal picocom
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operation. After entering a filename (and / or additional
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transmission or reception program arguments) and assuming you
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have not canceled the operation by pressing C-c, picocom will
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start the the external program as specified by the
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<em>--send-cmd</em>, or <em>--receive-cmd</em> option, and
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with any filenames and additional arguments you may have
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supplied. The standard input and output of the external program
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will be connected to the serial port. The standard error of the
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external program will be connected to the terminal which---while
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the program is running---will revert to canonical mode. Pressing
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'C-c' while the external program is running will prematurely
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terminate it, and return control to picocom. Pressing
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'C-c' at any other time, has no special effect; the character is
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normally passed to the serial port.
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</p>
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<h2>INPUT, OUTPUT, AND ECHO MAPPING</h2>
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<p>
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Using the <em>--imap</em>, <em>--omap</em>, and
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<em>--emap</em> options you can make picocom map
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(tranlate, replace) certain special characters after being read
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from the serial port (with <em>--imap</em>), before being
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written to the serial port (with <em>--omap</em>), and before
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being locally echoed to the terminal (standard output) if local
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echo is enabled (with <em>--emap</em>). These mapping options
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take, each, a single argument which is a comma-separated list of
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one or more of the following identifiers: "crlf" (map CR to LF),
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"crcrlf" (map CR to CR + LF), "igncr" (ignore CR), "lfcr" (map
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LF to CR), "lfcrlf" (map LF to CR + LF), "ignlf" (ignore LF),
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"bsdel" (map BS --> DEL), "delbs" (map DEL --> BS)
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</p>
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<p>
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For example the command:
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</p>
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<p>
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picocom --omap crlf,delbs --imap inglf,bsdel --emap crcrlf ...
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</p>
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<p>
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will: Replace every CR (carriage return, 0x0d) caracter with LF
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(line feed, 0x0a) and every DEL (delete, 0x7f) character with BS
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(backspace, 0x08) before writing it to the serial port. Ignore
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(not write to the terminal) every LF character read from the
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serial port and replace every BS character read from the serial
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port with DEL. Replace every CR character with CR and LF when
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echoing to the terminal (if local-echo is enabled).
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</p>
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<h2>Options</h2>
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<p>
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picocom accepts the following command-line options
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</p>
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<b><p>--baud | -b</p></b>
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<p>
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Defines the baud-rate to set the serial-port (terminal) to.
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</p>
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<b><p>--flow | -f</p></b>
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<p>
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Defines the flow-control mode to set the serial-port
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to. Must be one of: 'x' for xon/xoff (software) mode, 'h'
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for hardware flow control (RTS/CTS), 'n' for no flow
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control. (Default: 'n')
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</p>
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<b><p>--parity | -p</p></b>
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<p>
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Defines the parity mode to set the serial-port to. Must be
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one of: 'o' for odd parity mode, 'e' for even parity mode,
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'n' for no parity mode. (Default: 'n')
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</p>
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<b><p>--databits | -d</p></b>
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<p>
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Defines the number of data bits in every character. Must be
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one of: 5, 6, 7, 8. (Default: 8)
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</p>
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<b><p>--esacpe | -e</p></b>
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<p>
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Defines the character that will make picocom enter
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command-mode (see description above). If 'x' is given, then
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C-x will make picocom enter command mode. (Default: 'a')
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</p>
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<b><p>--echo | -c</p></b>
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<p>
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Enable local echo. Every character being read from the
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terminal (standard input) is echoed to the terminal
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(standard output) subject to the echo-mapping configuration
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(see <em>--emap</em> option. (Default: Disabled)
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</p>
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<b><p>--noinit | -i</p></b>
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<p>
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If given, picocom will not initialize, reset, or
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otherwise meddle with the serial port at start-up. It will
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just open it. This is useful, for example, for connecting
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picocom to already-connected modems, or already
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configured ports without terminating the connection, or
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altering the settings. If required serial port parameters
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can then be adjusted at run-time by commands.
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</p>
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<b><p>--noreset | -r</p></b>
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<p>
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If given, picocom will not *reset* the serial port
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when exiting. It will just close the filedes and do nothing
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more. This is useful, for example, for leaving modems
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connected when exiting picocom. Regardless whether
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the <em>--noreset</em> option is given the user can exit
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picocom using the "Quit" command (instead of "Exit"),
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which never resets the serial port. If <em>--noreset</em>
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is given then "Quit" and "Exit" behave essentially the same.
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</p>
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<b><p>--nolock | -l</p></b>
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<p>
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If given, picocom will *not* attempt to lock the
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serial port before opening it. Normally picocom attempts to
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get a UUCP-style lock-file (e.g. "/var/lock/LCK..ttyS0")
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before opening the port. Failing to do so, results in the
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program exiting after emitting an error-message. It is
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possible that your picocom binary is compiled without this
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option.
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</p>
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<b><p>--send-cmd | -s</p></b>
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<p>
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Specifies the external program (and any arguments to it)
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that will be used for transmitting files. (Default: "sz
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-vv")
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</p>
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<b><p>--receive-cmd | -v</p></b>
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<p>
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Specifies the external program (and any arguments to it)
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that will be used for receiving files. (Default: "rz -vv")
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</p>
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<b><p>--imap</p></b>
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<p>
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Specifies the input character map (i.e. special characters
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to be replaced when read from the serial port). Example:
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"--imap crlf,delbs". (Defaul: Empty)
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</p>
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<b><p>--omap</p></b>
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<p>
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Specifies the output character map (i.e. special characters
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to be replaced before being written to serial
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port). Example: "--omap crcrlf,bsdel". (Defaul: Empty)
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</p>
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<b><p>--emap</p></b>
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<p>
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Specifies the local-echo character map (i.e. special
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characters to be replaced before being echoed-back to the
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terminal, if local-echo is enabled). Example: "--emap
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crcrlf,bsdel". (Defaul: delbs,crcrlf)
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</p>
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<b><p>--help | -h</p></b>
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<p>
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Print a short help message describing the command-line
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options.
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</p>
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<h2>AUTHOR</h2>
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<p>picocom was written by Nick Patavalis (npat@efault.net)</p>
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<h2>AVAILABILITY</h2>
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<p>The latest version of "picocom" can be downloaded from: <a href = "http://code.google.com/p/picocom/">http://code.google.com/p/picocom/</a>
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</p>
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</td></tr></table></center>
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</body>
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